Tennis Wikipedia. Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent singles or between two teams of two players each doubles. Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponents court. The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return. The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will. Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages. The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users. The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 1. It had close connections both to various field lawn games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport of real tennis. I/41P5%2Beo87FL._SX466_.jpg' alt='Babolat Logo Template' title='Babolat Logo Template' />SecurityStudy. Quivers is an eCommerce platform that provides brands the freedom to choose where to sell online, how to merchandise, and who fulfills orders. During most of the 1. Disraelis novel Sybil 1. Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will go down to Hampton Court and play tennis. The rules of tennis have changed little since the 1. Two exceptions are that from 1. I/41wn0z6-2QL._SX425_.jpg' alt='Babolat Logo Template' title='Babolat Logo Template' />A recent addition to professional tennis has been the adoption of electronic review technology coupled with a point challenge system, which allows a player to contest the line call of a point, a system known as Hawk Eye. Tennis is played by millions of recreational players and is also a popular worldwide spectator sport. The four Grand Slam tournaments also referred to as the Majors are especially popular the Australian Open played on hard courts, the French Open played on red clay courts, Wimbledon played on grass courts, and the US Open played also on hard courts. History. Predecessors. Jeu de paume in the 1. Historians believe that the games ancient origin lay in 1. France, where a ball was struck with the palm of the hand. Louis X of France was a keen player of jeu de paume game of the palm, which evolved into real tennis, and became notable as the first person to construct indoor tennis courts in the modern style. Louis was unhappy with playing tennis outdoors and accordingly had indoor, enclosed courts made in Paris around the end of the 1. In due course this design spread across royal palaces all over Europe. In June 1. Vincennes, Val de Marne and following a particularly exhausting game, Louis drank a large quantity of cooled wine and subsequently died of either pneumonia or pleurisy, although there was also suspicion of poisoning. Because of the contemporary accounts of his death, Louis X is historys first tennis player known by name. Another of the early enthusiasts of the game was King Charles V of France, who had a court set up at the Louvre Palace. It wasnt until the 1. French term tenez, which can be translated as hold, receive or take, an interjection used as a call from the server to his opponent. It was popular in England and France, although the game was only played indoors where the ball could be hit off the wall. Henry VIII of England was a big fan of this game, which is now known as real tennis. During the 1. England. Further, the patenting of the first lawn mower in 1. Britain, is strongly believed to have been the catalyst, worldwide, for the preparation of modern style grass courts, sporting ovals, playing fields, pitches, greens, etc. This in turn led to the codification of modern rules for many sports, including lawn tennis, most football codes, lawn bowls and others. Origins of the modern game. Between 1. 85. 9 and 1. Sonu Nigam Kannada Hits Mp3 Song. Harry Gem and his friend Augurio Perera developed a game that combined elements of racquets and the Basque ball game pelota, which they played on Pereras croquet lawn in Birmingham, England, United Kingdom. In 1. 87. 2, along with two local doctors, they founded the worlds first tennis club in Leamington Spa. In December 1. 87. British army officer Major Walter Clopton Wingfield designed and patented a similar game  which he called sphairistik Greek, meaning ball playing, and was soon known simply as sticky for the amusement of guests at a garden party on his friends estate of Nantclwyd Hall, in Llanelidan, Wales. According to R. D. C. Evans, turfgrass agronomist, Sports historians all agree that Wingfield deserves much of the credit for the development of modern tennis. According to Honor Godfrey, museum curator at Wimbledon, Wingfield popularized this game enormously. He produced a boxed set which included a net, poles, rackets, balls for playing the game and most importantly you had his rules. He was absolutely terrific at marketing and he sent his game all over the world. He had very good connections with the clergy, the law profession, and the aristocracy and he sent thousands of sets out in the first year or so, in 1. The worlds oldest tennis tournament, the Wimbledon Championships, were first played in London in 1. The first Championships culminated a significant debate on how to standardize the rules. Lawn tennis in the U. S., 1. 88. 7In the U. S. in 1. 87. 4 Mary Ewing Outerbridge, a young socialite, returned from Bermuda with a sphairistik set. She became fascinated by the game of tennis after watching British army officers play. She laid out a tennis court at the Staten Island Cricket Club at Camp Washington, Tompkinsville, Staten Island, New York. Babolat Babol Color Logostift fr Besaitung. Logostift fr das Anbringen der Original Logos auf den Besaitungen Lieferbar in schwarz und wei. Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent or between two teams of two players each. Each player uses a tennis racket that is. Web oficial de la Universidad de A Corua. Enlaces a centros, departamentos, servicios, planes de estudios. Clare Hollingworth. La storia di Clare Hollingworth, grande giornalistaChi era Clare Hollingworth, a lei Google dedica il doodle di oggi. The first American National championship was played there in September 1. An Englishman named O. E. Woodhouse won the singles title, and a silver cup worth 1. Canadian I. F. Hellmuth. There was also a doubles match which was won by a local pair. There were different rules at each club. The ball in Boston was larger than the one normally used in New York. On 2. 1 May 1. 88. United States National Lawn Tennis Association now the United States Tennis Association was formed to standardize the rules and organize competitions. The U. S. National Mens Singles Championship, now the US Open, was first held in 1. Newport Casino, Newport, Rhode Island. The U. S. National Womens Singles Championships were first held in 1. Philadelphia. 2. 2. Tennis doubles final at 1. Olympic Games. Tennis also became popular in France, where the French Championships dates to 1. French clubs. 2. 3 Thus, Wimbledon, the US Open, the French Open, and the Australian Open dating to 1. Together these four events are called the Majors or Slams a term borrowed from bridge rather than baseball. Lawn tennis in Canada, ca. The comprehensive rules promulgated in 1. International Lawn Tennis Federation, now known as the International Tennis Federation ITF, have remained largely stable in the ensuing eighty years, the one major change being the addition of the tiebreak system designed by Jimmy Van Alen. That same year, tennis withdrew from the Olympics after the 1. Games but returned 6. This reinstatement was credited by the efforts by the then ITF President Philippe Chatrier, ITF General Secretary David Gray and ITF Vice President Pablo Llorens, and support from IOC President Juan Antonio Samaranch. The success of the event was overwhelming and the IOC decided to reintroduce tennis as a full medal sport at Seoul in 1. International Tennis Hall of Fame at the Newport Casino. The Davis Cup, an annual competition between mens national teams, dates to 1. The analogous competition for womens national teams, the Fed Cup, was founded as the Federation Cup in 1. ITF. 3. 0In 1. 92. C. C. Pyle established the first professional tennis tour with a group of American and French tennis players playing exhibition matches to paying audiences. The most notable of these early professionals were the American Vinnie Richards and the Frenchwoman Suzanne Lenglen. Once a player turned pro he or she could not compete in the major amateur tournaments. Libro Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre. Un libro del latnliber, libri es una obra impresa, manuscrita o pintada en una serie de hojas de papel, pergamino, vitela u otro material, unidas por un lado es decir, encuadernadas y protegidas con tapas, tambin llamadas cubiertas. Un libro puede tratar sobre cualquier tema. Segn la definicin de la Unesco,1 un libro debe poseer 2. Tambin se llama libro a una obra de gran extensin publicada en varias unidades independientes, llamados tomos o volmenes. Otras veces se llama tambin libro a cada una de las partes de una obra, aunque fsicamente se publiquen todas en un mismo volumen ejemplo Libros de la Biblia. Hoy en da, no obstante, esta definicin no queda circunscrita al mundo impreso o de los soportes fsicos, dada la aparicin y auge de los nuevos formatos documentales y especialmente de la World Wide Web. El libro digital o libro electrnico, conocido como e book, est viendo incrementado su uso en el mundo del libro y en la prctica profesional bibliotecaria y documental. Adems, el libro tambin puede encontrarse en formato audio, en cuyo caso se denomina audiolibro. Desde los orgenes, la humanidad ha tenido que hacer frente a una cuestin fundamental la forma de preservar y transmitir su cultura, es decir, sus creencias y conocimientos, tanto en el espacio como en el tiempo. El planteamiento de esta cuestin supone por un lado, determinar la forma de garantizar la integridad intelectual del contenido de la obra y la conservacin del soporte en el que fue plasmada, y por otro, encontrar el medio por el cual se mantendr inalterada la intencin o finalidad para la cual se concibi. Los orgenes de la historia del libro se remontan a las primeras manifestaciones pictricas de nuestros antepasados, la pintura rupestre del hombre del paleoltico. Con un simbolismo, posiblemente cargado de significados mgicos, estas pinturas muestran animales, caceras y otras escenas cotidianas del entorno natural del hombre antiguo, que trataba de dominar las fuerzas adversas de la naturaleza capturando su esencia mediante su representacin. Son el ms antiguo precedente de los primeros documentos impresos de que se tiene memoria. Comunicacin oral y formas rudimentariaseditarLas seales gestuales fueron la primera forma de expresar y transmitir mensajes. La palabra hablada es la manera ms antigua de contar historias. Mediante frmulas de valor mnemotcnico2 se estructuraban narraciones, que pasaban de generacin en generacin como valiosa herencia cultural de los ms diversos grupos humanos. Dichas reglas mnemotcnicas ayudaban tanto a la memorizacin como a la difusin de los relatos. Es el caso de los poemas homricos, que han merecido valiosos estudios sobre el particular. Posiblemente, gran parte de las tradiciones y leyendas han tenido semejante inicio. Esta transmisin oral tena el inconveniente de los ruidos que deformaban el mensaje. La mayora de las veces era el narrador rapsoda, aeda, juglar quien en funcin de sus intereses la deformaba de una u otra forma. La escrituraeditarCuando los sistemas de escritura fueron inventados en las antiguas civilizaciones, el hombre utiliz diversos soportes de escritura tablillas de arcilla, ostracon, placas de hueso o marfil, tablas de madera, papiros, tablillas enceradas, planchas de plomo, pieles curtidas, etc. La escritura fue el resultado de un proceso lento de evolucin con diversos pasos imgenes que reproducan objetos cotidianos pictografa representacin mediante smbolos ideografa y la reproduccin de slabas y letras. Los ms antiguos vestigios de escritura se encuentran, hacia finales del IV milenio a. C., en el Antiguo Egipto, con jeroglficos, y la antigua Mesopotamia, mediante signos cuneiformes escritura cuneiforme utilizaban una varilla con seccin triangular, que al hendir en placas de arcilla, dejaba una marca en forma de cua. La usaron los sumerios, acadios, asirios, hititas, persas, babilonios etc. La escritura egipcia, que perdur ms de tres milenios, mediante jeroglficos, representaba ideas abstractas, objetos, palabras, slabas, letras y nmeros. Evolucion en las escrituras hiertica y demtica. Otros pueblos, como los hititas y los aztecas tambin tuvieron tipos propios de escritura. La escritura china ms antigua que se conoce son 5. C. en el yacimiento de Xiaotun, en la provincia de Henan. Pero los primeros libros reconocibles de China corresponden al siglo VI a. C., los jiance o jiandu, rollos de finas tiras de bamb o madera grabados con tinta indeleble y atados con cordel. Estos textos servan principalmente a causas institucionales, era la obra de funcionarios civiles o militares. Desde Confucio en adelante 5. C. los libros se convirtieron en importantes instrumentos de aprendizaje, se escribieron tratados de filosofa, medicina, astronoma y cartografa. En el perodo de los reinos combatientes 4. C. La seda se us mucho como soporte para escribir. La tela era ligera, resistente al clima hmedo, absorba bien la tinta y proporcionaba al texto un fondo blanco, sin embargo era mucho ms cara que el bamb, es por esto que en ocasiones se haca una copia en bamb antes de grabarse en seda los textos importantes. La invencin del papel segn la tradicin china, se atribuye a un eunuco de la corte imperial llamado Cai Lin en el 1. C. Usando nuevos ingredientes trapos viejos, camo, corteza de rbol y redes de pescar cre un mtodo de fabricacin de papel muy similar al que se usa hoy en da. Pero el papel tard cientos de aos en reemplazar al bamb y la seda, fue hasta finales del siglo II d. C. que la corte imperial lo us en cantidades importantes. Esta innovacin no se propag fuera de China hasta el 6. C. aproximadamente, y alcanz Europa a travs de Espaa hasta el siglo XII. A mediados del siglo VIII los chinos inventaron la impresin xilogrfica, o el grabado en madera, y la necesidad de reproducir un gran nmero de textos e imgenes budistas, calendarios, manuales de adivinacin y diccionarios promovi una rpida y temprana propagacin de la xilografa. El primer libro impreso chino que se ha encontrado es el Sutra del diamante del 8. C. Los impresores chinos crearon los tipos mviles hacia el siglo XI, el escritor chino Chen Kua 1. Mengshi Pitan, segn el escritor el herrero Jen. Tsung de la dinasta de los Song del norte entre 1. Tambin se le atribuye la creacin de una mesa giratoria para guardar los caracteres, esta tcnica se llamaba tipografa tablearia. Hacia el 1. 30. 0 Wang Tcheng, un tcnico agrnomo, emplaz la arcilla por madera de azufaifo, que era mucho ms dura. Pero este avance no revolucion la imprenta hasta el punto que lo hizo Gutenberg en Europa 4. A diferencia de las lenguas europeas, el chino escrito requiere miles de caracteres nicos, lo que hace mucho ms eficaz los bloques de madera individuales que los enormes conjuntos de tipos reutilizables. En contraste con el declive de las artes de los escribas en occidente en los siglos que siguieron a la creacin de la imprenta de tipos mviles, la caligrafa china conserv su prestigio, era un arte. No obstante, a finales del siglo XV, China haba producido ms libros que el resto del mundo junto. Los rabes aprendieron la tcnica para fabricar papel de sus contactos con China en el siglo VIII, y este se introdujo en Europa en el siglo XII a travs de la Espaa musulmana. La obra xilogrfica ms antigua encontrada hasta nuestros das es el Dharani Sutra de Corea, datado en el 7. C., aunque no se sabe quin fue el inventor de la xilografa los chinos y coreanos fueron los que impulsaron la impresin xilogrfica, principalmente para editar textos religiosos. El budismo chino y coreano fue el vehculo que trasmiti la xilografa a Japn. Pero Corea realiz muchos otros avances que revolucionaron la manera de imprimir y en consecuencia el libro. Entre 1. 23. 4 y 1.